Trivia for 3rd nine WeeksWed. Jan. 25th- The steam engine was an important innovation of the Industrial Revolution. There were over 1,000 railways by 1800, most of them connected to an iron pit or a coal mine with a canal or river. ALL of these railways were drawn by horses. The first full-scale steam-powered locomotive took its maiden voyage down the main street of Camborne, England on Christmas Eve in 1801 Thursday Jan. 26th- The Industrial Revolution accelerated the rise of an economic system called the free market, also known as capitalism (some people use the French phrase “laissez faire,” meaning “let them act”) All these terms imply pretty much the same thing: in a pure free market, buyers and sellers (private business owners) satisfy their own interests by voluntarily agreeing to exchange money for a product, without the interference of the government. Friday Jan. 27th- none STS schedule Monday Jan. 30th - The only successful slave revolt that resulted in revolution was in the area which we now call Haiti--- this was a French controlled area(St. Dominique) before revolution. Toussaint L'Ouverture led the fight for creating this new nation (1791-1804) Tuesday Jan. 31st - Monroe Doctrine (1823) created by President James Monroe warning to European nations to stay of out Central and South American affairs. Wed. Feb. 1st- Most of the colonies in Latin America held ties to either France or Spain. Many of these colonies were used to exploit the area for resources, minerals, etc. Napoleon's wars in Europe helped to motivate/impact the beginning of the Latin American Revolutions. Thurs. Feb. 2nd-By the end of the 1800's , the island of Great Britain (England), controlled the largest empire in the history of the world—an empire that covered 1/4th of the world’s land mass. Fri. Feb. 3rd- Liberia and Ethiopia were the only 2 African nations that remained free of European control. Liberia was formed in 1822 for those who had been freed from slavery. Ethiopia successfully fought off the Italian army and won! Monday Feb. 6th- In Zambia, Victoria Falls was named after Queen Victoria who ruled in England during the 1800's. England took possession of this area for copper mines. Tuesday Feb. 7th- South Africa is rich in mineral resources--- gold, diamonds, & coal. This area was first settled by the Dutch during the 1600's (Boers-farmers), then the British made their way to South Africa by the 1800's and the 2 groups clashed in the "Boer War" in 1899. Wed. Feb. 8th- Dr. Livingstone's orginial mission to Africa was to search the interior of the continent and to bring Christianity to the continent. He went missing for a while and so, Stanley went to try to find him... the story continues from there... Thursday Feb. 9th: Livingstone and Stanley: Dr. Livingstone while searching for the source of the Nile encountered Arab slave traders, sickness, poverty. He became dependent upon them for food and shelter, as a result he was unable to send letters home by caravans--- reason why he was unable to communicate with the outside world. After Stanley found him, Livingstone died in Zambia in 1873 due to complications of disease. Friday Feb. 10th: Henry Stanley tried after the death of Livingstone to find the source of the Nile and was not able to accomplish this goal. He did explore along the Congo River and eventually took money from King Leopold II of Belgium who was seeking to create a Congo state--his own personal colony:( Many people lost great respect of him when he helped King Leopold. Monday Feb. 13th- King Leopold II of Belgium used the Congo (DRC) as his own personal plantation--- as a result, of the 20 million people who lived there, 10 million died during his reign of terror. Genocide- the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those from the same ethnic group, nation (Congo-King Leopold II, Rwanda, Sudan/Darfur) Tues. Feb. 14th- King Leopold's reign of terror ended with the news investigation of Edmund Morel. He was one of the first to discover that the native population was enslaved, and much worse.. Articles were published that revealed the harsh treatment of those who worked in the rubber industry. By 1908 Leopold was forced to give up his "private colony" over to Belgium governmental control. Wed. Feb. 15th- Cecil Rhodes "founder of the modern diamond industry". An area in Southern Africa that was acquired by Cecil Rhodes, Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) was given his name. During his time in Africa, his dream was to create a vast empire for the British "from Cape to Cairo". He was considered to be a great philanthropist (worked to help charity) and founded the Rhodes Scholarship program. Thursday Feb. 16th- Genocide- the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those from the same ethnic group, nation (Congo-King Leopold II, Rwanda, Sudan/Darfur) Friday Feb. 17th- -Gandhi was set with his final nomination for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1948, but with his assassination, the committee decided to decline giving the award in 1948. They stated "that their was no suitable living candidate". In 1989, when the Dalai Lama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize it was "in tribute/honor of" Gandhi. Tuesday Feb. 21st- be prepared for your review for 3rd nine weeks-- take out your notes Wed. Feb. 22nd- WWI is also known as the Great War (1914-1918) Thursday Feb. 23rd- Alliances: (friendships between nations) Triple Alliance- Austria-Hungary, Germany, Italy Triple Entente- Great Britain, France, Russia Friday Feb. 24th- -30 nations participated in WWI - Two sides (Allies- Great Britain, France, Russia, Serbia, Italy) Central Powers- Austria-Hungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire (Turkey), Bulgaria Monday Feb. 27th - Trench Warfare created stalemate conditions in WWI, meaning that no one was winning the war. The stress of living in the trenches in WWI was called "shell shock", today it would be known as PTSD. Tuesday Feb. 28th- Did you know that the King of England- George V, Tsar Nicholas II (Russia), and Kaiser Wilhelm (Germany) were all cousins, and grandchildren of Queen Victoria!!! Wed. March 1st- Thurs. March 2nd - Sergeant Stubby was the most decorated war dog of WWI, and the only dog to be promoted sergeant through combat. America's first war dog! Stubby served for 18 months and participated in 17 battles on Western Front. He helped to save his regiment from surprise mustard gas attacks, found and brought comfort to those who were wounded in battle. He even caught a German spy by the seat of his pants , holding him until American soldiers found him! Fri. March 3rd- The First Battle of the Marne (Sept 5-10, 1914) marked the end of the German "sweep" into French land and marked the beginning of trench warfare that characterized WWI. Monday March 6th - The second battle of Ypres (Belgium) was the first time Germans used chlorine gas as a weapon against enemy(April 22, 1915) . Germans had gas masks on (which they had invented) when they tossed the chlorine gas as a grenade. Tuesday March 7th - The Battle of Verdun was the longest battle of WWI- lasting from Feb. 21st to Dec.18th 1916! (2.5 million men fought in this battle, and saw the use of flamethrowers) Wed. March 8th- Christmas Truce of 1914 was a time of celebration for the troops on both sides of the trench line. On Christmas Eve, soldiers on both sides sang Christmas carols to each other- Silent Night. The following day troops along 2/3 of the Western front trench line observed a "truce". Soldiers crossed into "No man's land" to talk with the enemy and exchanged simple gifts, and even played games together. Thursday March 9th- In the spring of 1915, the first German airships appeared in England's night sky. The sight caused lots of panic and fear of bombs dropping out of these airships known as Zeppelins. In reality, Zeppelins played a small role in WWI and were used mostly in reconnaissance(spy) work. Fri. March 10th- Conditions inside an German submarine were often cramped and uncomfortable. Fumes and heat from the engine, & poor ventilation made the air very stuffy. The submarine crew had to navigate through minefields and be able to avoid detection from reconnaissance aircraft/ships in order to attack. Monday March 13th- Daylight Saving time began during WWI. Germany and Austria began this in order to conserve fuel needed to produce electric power (April 1916). Other nations soon followed in Europe and around the globe. It was not until 1918 that the US observed daylight savings time. Tuesday March 14th- Russia had one of the largest militaries during WWI, but they were not a "technology" nation. Casualties were very high, & to prevent more troubles, Tsar Nicholas II decided to head to the war front. He placed himself "in charge" of military and his wife was to rule the nation in his absence. She was not trusted by most of the people, because she was originally from Germany. Wed. March 15th- The League of Nations was established to be an international peacekeeping organization--- the creation of President Woodrow Wilson---since the Treaty of Versailles was not approved by US Congress--- we were not a member of this organization. Thursday March 16th- UN- United Nations is an international group created in 1945 with the goals to increase economic and political cooperation between nations (members) , improving human rights & reducing conflicts around the globe--- effectively replacing the League of Nations from the WWI Era. We will read more about this agency soon. Friday March 17th - 3rd Nine Weeks Assessment test prep (study your notes before we begin the assessment)- you will not be allowed to use books, notes, etc. - Inflation: prices of goods and services go up over a period of time but income does not.... Thursday March 23rd - Did the Romans write the first checks??? (352 BC). It is possible... The idea of checks did not catch on until 1500's Holland (Netherlands) when checks were more widely used and accepted. Why do people still use checks today??? Friday March 24th- Hitler was interested in art, so he took the "exam" to enter into Art school, he assumed that he would get in because he was such a wonderful sketch artist, but was greatly disappointed when he was not admitted. It was recommended that he attend architecture school. |
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